shmop_writeCLI. SimpleXML functions
简介
The SimpleXML extension provides a very simple and easily usable toolset to convert XML to an object that can be processed with normal property selectors and array iterators.
需求
The SimpleXML extension requires PHP 5.
安装
The SimpleXML extension is enabled by default. To disable it, use the --disable-simplexml configure option.
范例
Many examples in this reference require an XML string. Instead of repeating this string in every example, we put it into a file which we include in each example. This included file is shown in the following example section. Alternatively, you could create an XML document and read it with simplexml_load_file().
例2060.Include file example.php with XML string
<?php
$xmlstr = <<<XML
<?xml version='1.0' standalone='yes'?>
<movies>
<movie>
<title>PHP: Behind the Parser</title>
<characters>
<character>
<name>Ms. Coder</name>
<actor>Onlivia Actora</actor>
</character>
<character>
<name>Mr. Coder</name>
<actor>El ActÓr</actor>
</character>
</characters>
<plot>
So, this language. It's like, a programming language. Or is it a
scripting language? All is revealed in this thrilling horror spoof
of a documentary.
</plot>
<rating type="thumbs">7</rating>
<rating type="stars">5</rating>
</movie>
</movies>
XML;
?>
The simplicity of SimpleXML appears most clearly when one extracts a string or number from a basic XML document.
例2061.Getting <plot>
<?php
include 'example.php';
$xml = new SimpleXMLElement($xmlstr);
echo $xml->movie[0]->plot; // "So this language. It's like..."
?>
例2062.Accessing non-unique elements in SimpleXML
When multiple instances of an element exist as children of a single parent element, normal iteration techniques apply.
<?php
include 'example.php';
$xml = new SimpleXMLElement($xmlstr);
/* For each <movie> node, we echo a separate <plot>. */
foreach ($xml->movie as $movie) {
echo $movie->plot, '<br />';
}
?>
例2063.Using attributes
So far, we have only covered the work of reading element names and their values. SimpleXML can also access element attributes. Access attributes of an element just as you would elements of an array.
<?php
include 'example.php';
$xml = new SimpleXMLElement($xmlstr);
/* Access the <rating> nodes of the first movie.
* Output the rating scale, too. */
foreach ($xml->movie[0]->rating as $rating) {
switch((string) $rating['type']) { // Get attributes as element indices
case 'thumbs':
echo $rating, ' thumbs up';
break;
case 'stars':
echo $rating, ' stars';
break;
}
}
?>
例2064.Comparing Elements and Attributes with Text
To compare an element or attribute with a string or pass it into a function that requires a string, you must cast it to a string using (string). Otherwise, PHP treats the element as an object.
<?php
include 'example.php';
$xml = new SimpleXMLElement($xmlstr);
if ((string) $xml->movie->title == 'PHP: Behind the Parser') {
print 'My favorite movie.';
}
htmlentities((string) $xml->movie->title);
?>
例2065.Using XPath
SimpleXML includes built-in XPath support. To find all <character> elements:
<?php
include 'example.php';
$xml = new SimpleXMLElement($xmlstr);
foreach ($xml->xpath('//character') as $character) {
echo $character->name, 'played by ', $character->actor, '<br />';
}
?>
'//' serves as a wildcard. To specify absolute paths, omit one of the slashes.
例2066.Setting values
Data in SimpleXML doesn't have to be constant. The object allows for manipulation of all of its elements.
<?php
include 'example.php';
$xml = new SimpleXMLElement($xmlstr);
$xml->movie[0]->characters->character[0]->name = 'Miss Coder';
echo $xml->asXML();
?>
The above code will output a new XML document, just like the original, except that the new XML will change Ms. Coder to Miss Coder.
例2067.Adding elements and attributes
Since PHP 5.1.3, SimpleXML has had the ability to easily add children and attributes.
<?php
include 'example.php';
$xml = new SimpleXMLElement($xmlstr);
$character = $xml->movie[0]->characters->addChild('character');
$character->addChild('name', 'Mr. Parser');
$character->addChild('actor', 'John Doe');
$rating = $xml->movie[0]->addChild('rating', 'PG');
$rating->addAttribute('type', 'mpaa');
echo $xml->asXML();
?>
The above code will output an XML document based on the original but having a new character and rating.
例2068.DOM Interoperability
PHP has a mechanism to convert XML nodes between SimpleXML and DOM formats. This example shows how one might change a DOM element to SimpleXML.
<?php
$dom = new domDocument;
$dom->loadXML('<books><book><title>blah</title></book></books>');
if (!$dom) {
echo 'Error while parsing the document';
exit;
}
$s = simplexml_import_dom($dom);
echo $s->book[0]->title;
?>
目录
- SimpleXMLElement->addAttribute() Adds an attribute to the SimpleXML element
- SimpleXMLElement->addChild() Adds a child element to the XML node
- SimpleXMLElement->asXML() Return a well-formed XML string based on SimpleXML element
- SimpleXMLElement->attributes() Identifies an element's attributes
- SimpleXMLElement->children() Finds children of given node
- SimpleXMLElement->__construct() Creates a new SimpleXMLElement object
- SimpleXMLElement->getDocNamespaces() Returns namespaces declared in document
- SimpleXMLElement->getName() Gets the name of the XML element
- SimpleXMLElement->getNamespaces() Returns namespaces used in document
- SimpleXMLElement->registerXPathNamespace() Creates a prefix/ns context for the next XPath query
- SimpleXMLElement->xpath() Runs XPath query on XML data
- simplexml_import_dom Get a SimpleXMLElement object from a DOM node.
- simplexml_load_file Interprets an XML file into an object
- simplexml_load_string Interprets a string of XML into an object
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